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Compare Spratly Islands (2008) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2006)

Compare Spratly Islands (2008) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2006)

 Spratly Islands (2008)Turks and Caicos Islands (2006)
 Spratly IslandsTurks and Caicos Islands
Administrative divisions - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure - 0-14 years: 31.9% (male 3,432/female 3,312)


15-64 years: 64.4% (male 7,155/female 6,457)


65 years and over: 3.8% (male 362/female 434) (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products - corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports 3 (2007) 8 (2006)
Airports - with paved runways total: 2


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 1 (2007)		 total: 6


1,524 to 2,437 m: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2007)		 total: 2


under 914 m: 2 (2006)
Area total: less than 5 sq km


land: less than 5 sq km


water: 0 sq km


note: includes 100 or so islets, coral reefs, and sea mounts scattered over an area of nearly 410,000 sq km of the central South China Sea		 total: 430 sq km


land: 430 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative NA 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background The Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs. They are surrounded by rich fishing grounds and potentially by gas and oil deposits. They are claimed in their entirety by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam, while portions are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines. About 45 islands are occupied by relatively small numbers of military forces from China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Brunei has established a fishing zone that overlaps a southern reef but has not made any formal claim. The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate - 21.84 births/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Budget - revenues: $47 million


expenditures: $33.6 million; including capital expenditures of $NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital - name: Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)


geographic coordinates: 21 28 N, 71 08 W


time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins first Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in October
Climate tropical tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline 926 km 389 km
Constitution - Turks and Caicos Islands Constitution Order 2006 (effective 9 August 2006)
Country name conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Spratly Islands		 conventional long form: none


conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands


abbreviation: TCI
Death rate - 4.21 deaths/1,000 population (2006 est.)
Debt - external - $NA
Dependency status - overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international all of the Spratly Islands are claimed by China, Taiwan, and Vietnam; parts of them are claimed by Malaysia and the Philippines; in 1984, Brunei established an exclusive fishing zone that encompasses Louisa Reef in the southern Spratly Islands but has not publicly claimed the reef; claimants in November 2002 signed the "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea," which has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct"; in March 2005, the national oil companies of China, the Philippines, and Vietnam signed a joint accord to conduct marine seismic activities in the Spratly Islands have received Haitians fleeing economic and civil disorder
Economic aid - recipient - $4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview Economic activity is limited to commercial fishing. The proximity to nearby oil- and gas-producing sedimentary basins suggests the potential for oil and gas deposits, but the region is largely unexplored. There are no reliable estimates of potential reserves. Commercial exploitation has yet to be developed. The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the annual 93,000 visitors in the late 1990s. Major sources of government revenue also include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts.
Electricity - consumption - 4.65 million kWh (2003)
Electricity - exports - 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - imports - 0 kWh (2003)
Electricity - production - 5 million kWh (2003)
Elevation extremes lowest point: South China Sea 0 m


highest point: unnamed location on Southwest Cay 4 m		 lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues NA limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Ethnic groups - black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates - the US dollar is used
Executive branch - chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor Richard TAUWHARE (since 11 July 2005)


head of government: Premier Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003); note - the office of premier was created in the new constitution


cabinet: Cabinet consists of the governor, the premier, six ministers appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council, and the attorney general


elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed premier by the governor
Exports - NA bbl/day
Exports - commodities - lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners - US, UK (2004)
Fiscal year - calendar year
Flag description - blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP - composition by sector - agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - real growth rate - 4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 8 38 N, 111 55 E 21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note strategically located near several primary shipping lanes in the central South China Sea; includes numerous small islands, atolls, shoals, and coral reefs about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Heliports 3 (2007) -
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports - NA bbl/day
Imports - commodities - food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners - US, UK (2004)
Independence - none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate - NA%
Industries - tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate - total: 15.18 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 17.55 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 12.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2006 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) - 4% (1995)
International organization participation - Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Irrigated land 0 sq km NA
Judicial branch - Supreme Court; Court of Appeal
Labor force - 4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation - note: about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries 0 km 0 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2005)		 arable land: 2.33%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 97.67% (2005)
Languages - English (official)
Legal system - based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch - unicameral Legislative Council (21 seats of which 15 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms)


elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held in 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5
Life expectancy at birth - total population: 74.73 years


male: 72.48 years


female: 77.08 years (2006 est.)
Literacy - definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school


total population: 98%


male: 99%


female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location Southeastern Asia, group of reefs and islands in the South China Sea, about two-thirds of the way from southern Vietnam to the southern Philippines Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references Southeast Asia Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims NA territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note Spratly Islands consist of more than 100 small islands or reefs of which about 45 are claimed and occupied by China, Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan, and Vietnam defense is the responsibility of the UK
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $192.8 million
National holiday - Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality - noun: none


adjective: none
Natural hazards typhoons; numerous reefs and shoals pose a serious maritime hazard frequent hurricanes
Natural resources fish, guano, undetermined oil and natural gas potential spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate - 10.54 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2006 est.)
People - note - destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, The Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders - People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]
Political pressure groups and leaders - NA
Population no indigenous inhabitants


note: there are scattered garrisons occupied by personnel of several claimant states		 21,152 (July 2006 est.)
Population below poverty line - NA%
Population growth rate - 2.82% (2006 est.)
Radio broadcast stations - AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)
Religions - Baptist 40%, Anglican 18%, Methodist 16%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio - at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female


total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2006 est.)
Suffrage - 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system - general assessment: fully digital system with international direct dialing


domestic: full range of services available; GSM wireless service available


international: country code - 1-649; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use - 5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular - 1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations - 0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; 2 cable television networks) (2004)
Terrain flat low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate - 3.05 children born/woman (2006 est.)
Unemployment rate - 10% (1997 est.)
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